Asian Journal of Research and Reports in Ophthalmology

We report the case of a 12-year-old child with non-necrotic herpetic stromal keratitis presents as a «ghost of dendrite» the form of initial dendritic epithelial keratitis. We give special attention to the need for the introduction of corticosteroids in combination with antivirals to control inflammation related to viral replication.

A pre-retinal haemorrhage can complicate several pathologies including Valsalva retinopathy. It can cause symptomatic visual disturbances that lead the patient to seek medical attention. We report the case of a 39-year-old patient, with no particular pathological history, who has a sudden drop in visual acuity in her right eye. This symptomatology appeared a few minutes after defecation following constipation. The ophthalmological examination found a corrected visual acuity in the right eye that was quantified by counting the fingers at close range. The fundus revealed a macular haemorrhage suspended in a pigeon's nest. The diagnosis of spontaneous right retrohyaloidal haemorrhage secondary to cephalic venous hyper pressure was retained. A Yag laser membranotomy was performed at a distance from the fovea. The evolution was favourable with an increase in visual acuity to 6/10. The main aetiology of retrohyaloidal haemorrhages is rarely venous cephalic hypertension. However, Valsalva's retinopathy should always be considered in case of effort with chest blockage in inspiration.

Background: Chemical injury is the common cause of corneal damage. Alkali exposure cause defective clarity and impaired vision with lack of satisfactory therapy. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent self-renewal cells and they give a hope for better treatment of many diseases.

Aim of the Review: This review aimed to show the role of subconjunctival administered BM-MSCs therapy on alkali-induced corneal burn in rats, and its effect on the damaged corneal epithelium and the area of corneal neovascularization (CNV).

Conclusion: Subconjunctival injection of MSC transplantation could accelerate corneal wound healing attenuates inflammation and reduces CNV in alkaline-burned corneas.

Aims: To define the epidemiological, clinical, bacteriological, therapeutic and progressive characteristics of severe corneal abscesses treated in a tertiary eye care center.

Study Design: Retrospective Study.

Place and Duration of Study: The ophthalmology department of The Mohammed V Military Medical Training Hospital in Rabat, and covering  patients with corneal abcesses from January 2014 to December 2018.

Results: We report 30 cases of severe corneal abscess. With a sex ratio of 1.2, average age of 42.20 years, ranging from 16 to 74 years. The average consultation time after the onset of the first symptoms was 6.6 days with extremes of 2 to 14 days. The initial visual acuity, at the time of hospitalization, was between 03/10 and absence of light perception. The diameter of the abscess was between 2 and 5 mm in 6 cases (20%) and greater than 5 mm in 24 cases (80%). For 4 patients the light perception was negative before hospitalization. For 5 patients, the infection did not have much impact on function of which two patients recovered 10/10 and for 16 patients the acuity remained reduced (between positive light perception at 01/10). Eight patients were cold programmed for corneal transplantation. And 4 cases for evisceration.

Introduction: Ocular trauma can be a devastating injury, causing disability for a lifetime in children. Ocular trauma is an important cause of morbidity and can cause unilateral blindness in children. Pediatric eye injuries account for approximately 8-14% of total injuries in children.

Aim:  This prospective study aims to identify pattern, severity, causes, management, and outcome of penetrating eye traumas among study cases.

Subjects and Methods: The current study is an observational, analytic, follow-up, hospital-based study included 64 children aged less than 18 years who presented with penetrating eye injuries seeking health care at Ophthalmology Department, Assiut University Hospitals. The study conducted during a period extended from beginning of July 2016 to end of June 2017.

The study concluded that male subjects comprised 70.3%, of study cases, compared with 29.7% for female ones, rural patients comprised vast majority of cases (85.9%), hitting eye with an object was the most common cause of eye injuries among study children, (62.5%), home accidents comprised more than one-half of total study cases (52.1%), 81. 3% of cases sought care  within 24 hours since occurrence of accidents. Regarding the pattern of eye trauma contracted by the study cases, results documented that perforating injuries comprised 46.9%, then penetrating injuries 31.3%, then ruptured globe comprised 12.5%, and lastly intra ocular foreign body (IOFB) comprised 9.4% of total cases. Concerning the outcome of the study cases, which measured by VA, it is concluded that 49.0% vs 51.0% improved and not improved respectively.

Study Limitations:

• Only 51 cases out of the total 64 study cases were subjected to visual acuity (VA) measurement as an indicator for vision improvement of the traumatized cases recruited in the current study. The other 13 cases which had no VA measurement, were too young (≤ 3 years), or uncooperative, so, they gave unreliable responses, hence, they were excluded from this assessment.
• Some cases didn’t follow the researcher’s instructions regarding the optimal number of follow-up visits.

Statistical Analysis: The collected data had been revised and coded before data entry. Then the revised data was saved in the computer via using both EXCEL-2016 & SPSS "Version 19" programs. Then, data cleaning occurred, then the data was subjected to data analysis which included descriptive analysis in the form of frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations (SD), as well as cross-tabulation between independent and dependent variables. Chi-square test and Fisher Exact test were used to compare qualitative variables. Paired samples t-test was used to compare quantitative variables between pre-test and post-test. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study results were illustrated in tables and figures as shown in the results section.